The following is a list of modules that support localization either partially or completely.
When editing, please maintain alphabetic order, and provide links to module, system, and translation repos where applicable.
For new modules with support, please add the module to the partial support list until a translator verifies that your module is ready to be moved to the full support list.
For translators: I have created a Node.js script with KaKaRoTo's help, that can be used to check your own modules folder and generate a list similar to the one below, which will include a list of missing strings for each language file in each module. You can check out the Gist here.
DnD 5e
FateX
Twodsix - xdy, ultrakev